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Pioneer 5 (also known as Pioneer P-2, and Thor Able 4) was a spin-stabilized space probe in the NASA Pioneer program used to investigate interplanetary space between the orbits of Earth and Venus. It was launched on March 11, 1960 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 17A at 13:00:00 UTC〔 〕 with an on-orbit dry mass of 43 kg. It is a 0.66 m diameter sphere with 1.4 m span across its four solar panels and achieved a solar orbit of 0.806 × 0.995 AU (121,000,000 by 149,000,000 km). Data was received until April 30, 1960. Among other accomplishments, the probe confirmed the existence of interplanetary magnetic fields.〔"The Pioneer Spacecraft". ''NASAFacts''. NF-31/Vol 4, No. 3. U.S. Government Printing Office, 1967.〕 Pioneer 5 was the most successful probe in the Pioneer/Able missions. == Design and instruments == The spacecraft was a 0.66 m diameter sphere with four solar panels that spanned over 1.4 m. It was equipped with four scientific instruments: # A triple coincidence omnidirectional proportional counter telescope to detect solar particles and observe terrestrial trapped radiation. It could detect photons with E > 75 MeV and electrons with E > 13 MeV.〔 (【引用サイトリンク】 NSSDC Master Catalog: Proportional Counter Telescope )〕 # A rotating search coil magnetometer to measure the magnetic field in the distant field of the Earth, near the geomagnetic boundary, and in interplanetary space.〔 〕〔 〕 It was capable of measuring fields from 1 microgauss to 12 milligauss. It consisted of a single search coil that was mounted on the spacecraft in such a way that is measured the magnetic field perpendicular to the spin axis of the spacecraft. It could output its measurements in both an analog and a digital format.〔 (【引用サイトリンク】 NSSDC Master Catalog: Search-Coil Magnetometer )〕 # A Neher-type integrating ionization chamber and an Anton 302 Geiger-Müller tube (which functioned as a cosmic ray detector) to measure cosmic radiation. It was mounted normal to the spin axis of the spacecraft.〔 (【引用サイトリンク】 NSSDC Master Catalog: Ion Chamber and GM Tube )〕 # A micrometeorite momentum spectrometer (or micrometeorite detector) that consisted of two diaphragm and microphone combinations. It was used to measure the amount of meteoritic dust particles and the momentum of these particles.〔 (【引用サイトリンク】 NSSDC Master Catalog: Micrometeorite Spectrometer )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pioneer 5」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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